Data from a clinical trial shows that an investigational personalized mRNA cancer vaccine, in combination with the immunotherapy pembrolizumab, is effective against melanoma. In people who received the vaccine, the risk of recurrence or death was reduced by 44 percent compared to those who received pembrolizumab alone.

Jeffrey S. Weber, MD, PhD, deputy director of NYU Langone Health’s Perlmutter Cancer Center, was principal investigator of the phase 2b study.

“These findings also provide the first randomized evidence that a personalized neoantigen approach may be beneficial in melanoma,” Dr. Weber, also the Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Professor of Oncology in the Department of Medicine at NYU Grossman School of Medicine, tells Fortune.

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